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Termez
Termez ((ウズベク語:Termiz/Термиз); (ロシア語:Термез); (タジク語:Тирмиз); (ペルシア語:ترمذ) ''Termez, Tirmiz''; (アラビア語:ترمذ) ''Tirmidh'') is a small city in the southernmost part of Uzbekistan near the Hairatan border crossing of Afghanistan. It is the hottest point of Uzbekistan. It has a population of 140,404 (1 January 2005), and is the capital of Surxondaryo Region.
==Etymology==
The modern name of the city came through the Sogdian Language '' Tarmiδ '' dating back to an ancient Iranian language '' tara-maiθa '', which means "a place of transition" (tara-crossing, crossing; maiθa-place). In ancient times there was an important crossing on the Amu Darya river.
Some link the name of the city to Greek '' thermos '' "hot", tracing its name back to Alexander the Great.〔E. M. Pospelov, ''Geograficheskie nazvaniya mira'' (Moscow, 1998), p. 415: "here in fact is found the hottest place in Central Asia (in June 1914 a temperature of 49.5 C was recorded in Termez."〕 Others suggest that it came from Sanskrit '' taramato '', meaning "on the river bank".〔Sh. Kamaliddinov, ''Istoricheskaya geografiya Sogda i Toharistana''.〕
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